It is added to many processed foods as an artificial sweetener and is often the main ingredient in sugar alternatives. Aspartic acid is a type of “ excitotoxin,” and hundreds of animal studies have found abnormally high levels of excitotoxins cause brain damage and neurotoxicity – spikes of aspartic acid occur in the blood as a result of the body’s rapid digestion of aspartame. a b c d e f g h Morton, Geo.; Milligan, W. R. Donoghue v Stevenson Appeal Papers: The Appellant's Case. Chapman, Watson & Co . Retrieved 11 September 2012.

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Of Injuries arising from Negligence or Folly. Every man ought to take reasonable care that he does not injure his neighbour; therefore, wherever a man receives any hurt through the default of another, though the same were not wilful, yet if it be occasioned by negligence or folly, the law gives him an action to recover damages for the injury so sustained. [27] In 1973, the FDA approved aspartame for limited use in dry goods. But there was a catch – one of the scientists who had researched the chemical, Dr. John Olney, claimed his experiments found that aspartic acid caused holes in the brains of infant mice. Studies that fed aspartame to pregnant rabbits showed that the pups were born smaller and that mothers experienced a higher rate of miscarriages given a high dose – although EFSA claims that these levels are well above the accepted daily intake (ADI) for humans and that a person would have to drink 12 cans of diet soft drink to exceed the ADI.It’s also worth noting that although aspartame is more commonly found in sugar-free versions, some non-diet drinks still contain it. When researching our list of aspartame-free drinks, we found that both diet and non-diet drinks contained other artificial sweeteners like acesulfame-K, sucralose and saccharin. Todd, Stephanie (18 August 2003). "Slug's trail to silver screen". BBC News . Retrieved 26 September 2012.

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But the phenylalanine is altered slightly by adding a methyl group, which is what gives the substance its sweet flavour. In 2014, aspartame was the single greatest source of methanol in the American diet. Is Aspartame Safe? a b c d Roger, Alan (1988). "Mrs Donoghue and Alfenus Varus". Current Legal Problems. 41: 1–22. doi: 10.1093/clp/41.1.1. As commented by MP Williams, “The history of aspartame’s approval is littered with examples showing that if key decision-makers found against aspartame’s safety, they were discredited or replaced by industry sympathisers, who were recompensed with lucrative jobs.”Ashton-Cross, D. I. C. (October 1955). "Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562". Law Quarterly Review. 71 (4): 472. Aspartame has been highly contested ever since it came on the market, with apparently dodgy claims on both sides of the argument. a b c d e Lunney, Mark; Oliphant, Ken (2010) [2000]. Tort Law: Text and Materials (4ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199571802. Home Office was the culmination of a movement from duties of care being found in specific circumstances to using the neighbour principle as a general duty of care. [38] :150 In Home Office, the Home Office had in 1962 taken a group of boys from a borstal to Brownsea Island in Poole Harbour, where seven had escaped overnight and collided one yacht with another belonging to Dorset Yacht Company. [37] :1025 The company sued the Home Office for negligence and a preliminary issue, whether the Home Office owed a duty of care to Dorset Yacht Company, was found in the company's favour by both the High Court and the Court of Appeal. The case was appealed to the House of Lords, who held by a majority that the Home Office did owe a duty of care. [5] :129–130 A man] is not to injure his neighbour by acts of negligence; and that certainly covers a very large field of the law. I doubt whether the whole law of tort could not be comprised in the golden maxim to do unto your neighbour as you would that he should do unto you. [Note 7] [32] :30 Precedent [ edit ]

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If your Lordships accept the view that this pleading discloses a relevant cause of action, you will be affirming the proposition that by Scots and English law alike a manufacturer of products, which he sells in such a form as to show that he intends them to reach the ultimate consumer in the form in which they left him, with no reasonable possibility of intermediate examination, and with the knowledge that the absence of reasonable care in the preparation or putting up of the products will result in an injury to the consumer's life or property, owes a duty to the consumer to take that reasonable care. a b Taylor, Martin R. (2008). "The Most Famous Litigant". Donoghue v Stevenson Digital Resources. Scottish Council of Law Reporting . Retrieved 8 September 2012.The mollusc in question was a common snail that ended its days in a bottle of ginger beer. It made legal history in the 1932 case of Donoghue v Stevenson. Aspartame is required to be clearly labelled on food, drinks and medication, so PKU sufferers must always read the label on any sweetened product to make sure it doesn’t contain the substance. How Was Aspartame Approved as Safe? Buller, Francis (1817) [1768]. An Introduction to the Law relative to Trials at Nisi Prius. R Pheney and S Sweet. p.24b. cited in Castle, Richard (2003). "Lord Atkin and the neighbour test: origins of the principles of negligence in Donoghue v Stevenson". Ecclesiastical Law Journal. 7 (33): 210–214. doi: 10.1017/s0956618x00005214.